Mucous cyst
Hand Conditions
Wrist Conditions
Elbow Conditions
What is it?
A mucous cyst is a fluid-filled lump that typically appears on the finger near the nail bed. It can develop on any finger, either isolated or on multiple fingers. These cysts usually occur due to arthritis or wear and tear of the underlying joint, which causes joint fluid to leak under the skin and form the cyst.
What are the symptoms?
Most small mucous cysts do not cause pain. However, they can be tender to the touch or cause discomfort if pressed against an object. When a cyst enlarges, it may press against the nail bed, leading to nail deformity and additional pain from the pressure on surrounding tissues.
In some cases, the cyst may burst, allowing joint fluid to leak out. Sometimes, fluid can also escape through a small opening on the cyst’s surface. This leakage increases the risk of infection and sepsis in the underlying joint. If you notice any discharge from the cyst, it is important to seek medical attention promptly to avoid a septic infection.
what is the treatment?
For cysts that cause pain, discharge fluid, or lead to nail deformities, a minor surgical procedure is often recommended. The operation involves removing both the cyst and its sac, which helps to alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of joint infection. Additionally, surgery can often restore the normal shape of the nail.
Simple aspiration with a syringe is generally not effective, as it does not remove the cyst sac, allowing the fluid to re-accumulate quickly.
The surgical procedure is performed under local anesthesia, which numbs only the affected finger. A small incision is made to completely remove the cyst along with its stalk, which extends from the underlying joint. Any arthritic bone fragments (osteophytes) are also removed to minimize the chance of recurrence.
The operation is quick, typically taking 30 minutes or less. Finger movement is usually restored immediately, and most patients can return to work within one to two weeks. The scar from the procedure tends to heal very well, becoming barely noticeable after a few weeks.
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